What is Anthroposophy?

Anthroposophy, or “spiritual science,” is a spiritual philosophy articulated by Rudolf Steiner in the early 20th Century, in no small part to provide a remedy for the rampant materialism established already in the late 19th Century. It seeks to unite the spiritual and material dimensions of life through a methodical path of conscious inner development and practical engagement with the world. Rooted in Western esotericism, but neither a religion nor a dogma, Anthroposophy provides a spiritual path of knowledge and transformation that emphasizes consciousness and the cultivation of moral imagination, intuition, and spiritual insight. 

As a core tenet, Steiner taught that the spiritual realm is accessible to us. Rather than a matter of unprovable faith, the spiritual realm is an objective reality that is knowable and comprehensible to all who strive toward acquiring its knowledge. 

Steiner also taught that the human being is threefold. Already interconnected with our human material bodies are our soul and spirit bodies, which can be accessed through our conscious effort. 

Indeed, human consciousness has evolved over time, shifting from an earlier, more dream-like consciousness to our modern, intellectual focus. In fact, our next evolutionary step is to consciously reunite clear spiritual perception with intellectual thought and understanding, thereby fulfilling our potential to become more fully human. Also central to Rudolf Steiner’s cosmological view is the idea of reincarnation, which depicts the human spirit moving between earthly and spiritual existence, and karma, which provides the framework of opportunities for our future development as individuals and as a planet. 

Anthroposophy encourages individuals to become conscious co-creators of a more humane and spiritually aware society. Many initiatives have been inspired by Anthroposophy’s sweeping vision, a vision that integrates modern science with deeper spiritual understanding.

Initiatives

Education

The Waldorf School Movement is the largest independent school movement globally, with around 1200 schools and 1900 Kindergartens worldwide, adapted to local cultures and traditions. It emphasizes creativity, holistic learning, and the healthy development of the whole child. Rudolf Steiner also inspired curative and educational initiatives for those with special needs, including the Camphill Movement.

Arts and Architecture

Rudolf Steiner saw the arts as a vital bridge between the spiritual and material worlds – not merely decorative or entertaining, but powerful tools for human development and spiritual awakening. He gave indications to artists toward a new impulse in painting, drawing, sculpture/architecture. In addition to reshaping ideas about how performance could be approached in speech and drama, he co-founded an entirely new movement art of “visible speech” and “visible tone” called Eurythmy. In it, movement gives form to the inner qualities of language and music. 

Biodynamic Agriculture

The 100-year-old Biodynamic Agriculture movement anticipated organic and ecological farming movements by linking soil health and cosmic and earthly rhythms to human and animal nutrition. Today this way of working in agriculture encompasses an estimated 30,000 farms, vineyards and educational centers. 

Threefold Social Order

Steiner’s idea for a complete restructuring of society gave equal weight to economics, culture, and rights. It inspired the creation of cooperative and ethical banking models, which emphasized his view that money, when consciously managed, can circulate in ways that sustain human dignity, ecological balance, and cultural renewal. 

Anthroposophical Medicine

Anthroposophical medicine integrates the “whole human being” philosophy of Anthroposophy into its diagnostic and therapeutic practices. It combines conventional medical knowledge with a deep understanding of the unseen influences that work upon the human being--within various fields of medicine, including psychology, biographical- and artistic therapies, colored light therapy, and Therapeutic Eurythmy. 

Who was Rudolf Steiner?

Black and white portrait of Rudolf Steiner, wearing a tuxedo and bow tie, resting his head on his hand.

Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) was a philosopher and seer of our modern age, who sought throughout his highly productive lifetime to awaken humanity to largely unseen currents that shape life and consciousness.

Through his vast body of work, he unveiled a cosmos alive with spiritual beings and evolutionary purpose, offering meditative paths to direct perception of the realities that he himself saw. His teachings wove together ancient mystery wisdom and contemporary thought, calling each soul to become a conscious co-creator in the unfolding of the world.

How can I learn more?

Rudolf Steiner gave over 6000 lectures during his lifetime and authored approximately 40 books in his native German, which together form a collected work of around 300 volumes. His works have been translated into at least 29 languages. To date, more than 156 volumes have been translated into English. The work of publishing the entire collection in English is ongoing by the SteinerBooks publishing house (steinerbooks.org) and others. A large collection of lectures and books is available free online via the Rudolf Steiner Archive (rsarchive.org). 
Many newcomers to Anthroposophy begin with reading some of Steiner’s seminal works: 

How to Know Higher Worlds: A Modern Path of Initiation (rsarchive.org GA 10)
Theosophy: An Introduction to the Spiritual Process in Human Life and in the Cosmos (rsarchive.org GA 9)
Outline of Occult Science (rsarchive.org GA 13)
The Philosophy of Freedom (rsarchive.org GA 4)
Christianity as a Mystical Fact and the Mysteries of Antiquity (rsarchive.org GA 8)

Anthroposophy Worldwide

Today, the Anthroposophical Society exists as a federation of voluntary national organizations and local groups in more than 50 countries, with the Goetheanum in Dornach, Switzerland serving as its cultural and administrative center. 

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